In Vivo Toxicology Service (Mouse, Rat) Download Altogen Labs PowerPoint Presentation: [] Preclinical in vivo toxicology is the study of toxic effects of chemical substances based on statistical and quantitative analysis. Ministry Of Justice Template For Medical Reports. At Altogen Labs, toxicology studies can include acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity tests. Acute toxicology studies focus on the toxicological effects following a single large dose of the substance of interest. For longer-term studies subchronic and chronic studies are done to simulate long-term use of the drugs and their subsequent adverse effects. Subchronic toxicology studies include repeated small dosages of the test substance over a period of time up to 90 days. While chronic toxicology studies focus on the long-term effects of the test substance over periods of months to years. Implications of these toxicology studies can lead to phase 1 clinical trial should the test substance show promising results and minimal toxicological, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects.

Studies can range from acute to chronic exposure treatments. The variation in time and amount of test substance intaken by the subject helps create dose-response curves to determine thresholds of biological activity associated with the test substance as well as levels of toxicity. Through in vivo toxicology IND studies, a variety of factors are tested to determine everything from acute toxicity to reproductive toxicity. Another focal point of in vivo toxicology focuses on the route of administration of investigative new drugs (IND). The ability of a drug to reach its target in a living system can unintentionally be deterred by immune system mechanisms, metabolic processes, and similar natural mechanisms.

This is the problem faced following in vitro studies in which INDs are no longer directly targeting the desired cells but are faced with a living biological system in which their target is one of many. Download Free The Wealthy Freelancer Rapidshare Files. As a result, various drug administration routes are explored to determine toxicity and benefits when such routes are taken.

Evaluation of drug administration routes should anticipate clinical outcomes and optimize beneficial efficacy. The study should determine a safe and effective procedure for administration, as well as dosage for the drug to prevent any adverse effects. Identification of potential toxicological side effects is very important to the advance of INDs to phase 1 clinical trial. Such side effects can have an impact on the future health of the subject, its progeny, and overall survival rate. Potential side effects can be detrimental to the immune system, the integrity of the DNA and the functionality of vital organs. As a result, additional tests can be run to study sensitivity, irritation, mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties, reproductive toxicity and immunotoxicity.